Delphi Technique

Abstract

The purposes of this research aim to discover new knowledge expanding knowledge. In
certain cases, it's about examining a theory or introducing a new theory and implementation. While
the research is the process of finding answers or explanations to any question, the process of
searching accepted answers as research t must be a systematic process. It must base on rational
principles and methods. Seeking knowledge and truth is important process through research
methods. It's a way to find new knowledge by looking through a paradigm systematically. This can
make new knowledge equips with quality and credibility. For today's qualitative research, the Delphi
technique is used by collecting information and sifting knowledge from a group of experts in the
matter, about 17-21 people, to focus on studying, analyzing, using for forecasting or to gain
knowledge, any understandings or issues or topics concerning the future.
The Delphi technique is unique in that the new knowledge gained through consensus
considerations must be consistent with a majority. A key feature of the Delphi Technique was that
those groups of experts do not have to convene. Their names are not disclosed, so that everyone
is free to answer or express their opinions on the same subject. They are not dominated by group
processes. The first round can be an open-ended questionnaire or an interview. The researcher had
to give feedback to the experts who reviewed their opinions for 3-4 rounds. The latter of which was
a closed-ended questionnaire with an estimation scale. And the decision of the group's official
opinion or as final. The statistics used to decide whether the opinions of the experts are consistent
or not is based on criteria established by the researcher from the median and the interquartile range.
The results of the research are summarized from the opinions of a group of experts on the subject
in consistency with the specified criteria. There must be evaluation for the value ,able to analyze
cost and benefit. Planning must be performed according to the targets and objectives. At the same
time, the Delphi technique also has three deficiencies that could be summarized as follows: (1) the
number of key points and questions in the research tool, (2) the number of experts and a framework
for the number of experts in each round, and (3) the criteria for concluding the findings by statistical
analysis.