Application of Artificial Intelligence for Academic Libraries

Abstract

This quantitative research, entitled “The Application of Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education Libraries,” aimed to (1) investigate the application of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in higher education libraries, (2) examine the level of AI technology acceptance among higher education library personnel, and (3) propose appropriate AI technologies for higher education libraries. Data were collected using a questionnaire administered to 360 library personnel from 153 higher education institutions. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (percentages), one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to examine relationships, and regression analysis to identify factors influencing the dependent variables.

The findings revealed that (1) libraries most frequently employed generative AI for automatic language translation in service provision, while content creation for public relations was the most common operational application. The most widely subscribed AI applications were chatbots and content generation tools, followed by tools for research support and information retrieval. The most popular AI platforms were ChatGPT, Gemini, EndNote, Copilot, and Claude, respectively. (2) Regarding technology acceptance, social influence, knowledge and understanding enhancement, core factors, and facilitating factors all demonstrated high mean levels. Among these, knowledge and understanding enhancement exerted the strongest positive influence on AI adoption. These results are consistent with the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The model exhibited high predictive accuracy, with a coefficient of determination (R-squared) of .775 and a very low mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), indicating that the adoption of AI in libraries is likely to be well accepted by library personnel. (3) Appropriate AI technologies for libraries include chatbots and content generation tools; AI for research and information retrieval; creative content generation (images, videos, and audio); reference management; and language and grammar enhancement tools. Key success factors include administrative support, policies, and vision; personnel skills, knowledge, and professional development; and budgetary allocation and resource support. The study recommends that the Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation serve as the primary agency for procuring AI tools for higher education institutions, and that institutions provide continuous financial support and regular training for library personnel.

Keywords:  Artificial Intelligence, Libraries, Higher Education Institutions