Guidelines for Developing Thailand’s New Space Economy in Compliance with International Space Law

Abstract

          The emerging new space economy is playing a crucial role in driving global economic and technological development, particularly in the context of Thailand, where there is a growing trend toward the advancement of its space industry. However, promoting the new space economy requires adherence to the international space law framework established by the United Nations through key treaties, including the Outer Space Treaty of 1967, the Rescue Agreement of 1968, the Liability Convention of 1972, and the Registration Convention of 1975. It also necessitates consideration of the provisions of the Moon Agreement of 1979, which, although not widely accepted internationally and containing certain limitations that may not align with Thailand’s economic space development strategy, remains valuable for comparative study to assess its relevance for future national space law and policy directions. This is especially pertinent following Thailand’s signing of the Artemis Accords and its participation in the International Lunar Research Station (ILRS) initiative.

          Thailand’s new space economy is still in its early stages but continues to grow, particularly in downstream sectors such as satellite communications, natural resource exploration, and the use of global positioning systems (GPS). Nevertheless, Thailand faces major challenges, notably the absence of a national space law, which impacts investment and the systematic regulation of space activities. Therefore, this article aims to analyze the international space law framework and explore how Thailand can adapt it to sustainably develop its new space economy. The article emphasizes the importance of establishing a national space law aligned with international standards to foster private sector confidence, enhance investment opportunities, and strengthen Thailand’s capabilities in the global space economy.