Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Posted on 2026-06-01
Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI)

This journal permits the responsible use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and AI-assisted technologies for language improvement, translation, formatting, and other supportive functions. Authors must disclose any substantive use of AI in the manuscript. AI tools cannot be listed as authors and cannot assume responsibility for the work. Authors remain fully accountable for the accuracy, originality, integrity, and ethical compliance of all submitted content. Failure to disclose significant AI use or the submission of AI-generated fabricated content may result in rejection, retraction, or other editorial actions.

Authors are required to disclose any use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and AI-assisted technologies in a dedicated section entitled “Declaration of AI Use.” This declaration must clearly identify the AI tool(s) utilized, describe the purpose of their use, and specify the extent of their contribution to the manuscript. All AI-generated content must be critically reviewed, validated, and, where necessary, revised by the authors. The authors retain full responsibility for the accuracy, originality, integrity, and scholarly quality of the manuscript and must ensure that all content complies with the journal’s ethical and publication standards prior to submission.

Policy on the Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and AI-Assisted Technologies in Scholarly Publishing

  1. Purpose

This journal supports the responsible, transparent, and ethical use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and AI-assisted technologies in scholarly research and publication. The policy aims to maintain research integrity, accountability, originality, and transparency while allowing appropriate use of emerging technologies.

  1. General Principles
  2. Authors remain fully responsible for the accuracy, originality, validity, and integrity of all submitted content, regardless of whether AI tools were used.
  3. AI systems, including but not limited to ChatGPT, Gemini, Claude, Copilot, Midjourney, DALL·E, and similar technologies, cannot be listed as authors or co-authors.
  4. AI tools cannot assume legal responsibility, intellectual accountability, conflict-of-interest disclosure, or copyright ownership.
  5. Any substantive use of AI must be transparently disclosed.
  6. Acceptable Use of AI

Authors may use AI tools for:

  • Language editing and grammar correction and independently validated.
  • Improving readability and writing style and independently validated.
  • Translation assistance and independently validated.
  • Formatting and reference style checking and independently validated.
  • Preliminary idea exploration and literature organization and independently validated.
  • Coding assistance, provided that all outputs are verified by the authors and independently validated.
  • Data processing support, provided that the methodology is fully described and independently validated.
  1. Prohibited Use of AI

The following practices are not permitted:

  • Listing AI as an author or co-author.
  • Generating or fabricating research data, results, images, tables, or references.
  • Creating fictitious citations or unverifiable sources.
  • Using AI to produce conclusions that are not supported by the actual research.
  • Submitting AI-generated content without human review and verification.
  • Using AI to conceal plagiarism, duplicate publication, or other forms of academic misconduct.
  1. Disclosure Requirements

Authors must disclose the use of AI-assisted technologies in a separate section entitled:

“Declaration of AI and AI-Assisted Technologies”

The declaration should include:

  • Name of the AI tool(s) used.
  • Purpose of use.
  • Extent of use.
  • Human verification and editing procedures undertaken.

Example:

"During the preparation of this manuscript, the authors used ChatGPT (OpenAI) for language editing and grammar refinement. All outputs generated by the AI tool were reviewed, revised, and verified by the authors, who take full responsibility for the final content of the manuscript."

  1. Editorial Assessment

The editorial office reserves the right to:

  • Request additional disclosure regarding AI use.
  • Request submission of prompts or records of AI-generated outputs when necessary.
  • Conduct originality, integrity, and verification checks.
  • Reject manuscripts where AI use compromises scientific rigor, transparency, or ethical standards.
  1. Consequences of Non-Disclosure

Failure to disclose significant AI use may constitute a breach of publication ethics and may result in:

  • Rejection prior to publication.
  • Retraction after publication.
  • Notification to the authors' institutions.
  • Temporary or permanent submission restrictions.