An Analysis of Stress Management Based on the Four Noble Truths in Theravada Buddhist Philosophy

Abstract

This research aims to: (1) examine the concepts and theories of stress management; (2) investigate the Four Noble Truths in Theravāda Buddhist philosophy; and (3) analyze stress management based on the Four Noble Truths within the framework of Theravāda Buddhist philosophy. This study employed a qualitative research design, integrating documentary research with in-depth interviews to provide comprehensive and reliable findings. Documentary data were collected from the Tipiṭaka, commentaries (Aṭṭhakathā), academic books, scholarly articles, and related research. In addition, in-depth interviews were conducted with experts in Buddhism and Buddhist philosophy to complement and validate the documentary evidence. The research instruments consisted of a document review protocol and a semi-structured interview guide. Data were analyzed using content analysis and descriptive interpretation, with triangulation applied to enhance the credibility and trustworthiness of the findings.

The findings indicate that stress is a multidimensional response of both body and mind to internal and external stressors, affecting physical health, psychological well-being, behavior, and social relationships. Effective stress management therefore requires an integrated approach encompassing physical, psychological, and social dimensions. The Four Noble Truths Dukkha (suffering), Samudaya (the origin of suffering), Nirodha (the cessation of suffering), and Magga (the path leading to the cessation of suffering) provide a systematic philosophical framework for understanding the nature, causes, resolution, and practical management of life’s difficulties. Furthermore, the analysis demonstrates that the Four Noble Truths can be effectively applied as a sequential stress management model by promoting awareness and acceptance of stress, identifying its underlying causes, pursuing the cessation of stress, and practicing the Noble Eightfold Path to cultivate balanced physical, mental, and behavioral development. This integrative approach contributes to effective stress management, enhances quality of life, and promotes sustainable well-being.