การคุ้มครองทางสังคมถ้วนหน้า: แนวทางการวิเคราะห์เน้นสิทธิมนุษยชนสู่การสนับสนุนรายได้พื้นฐาน
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61462/cujss.v50i1.713คำสำคัญ:
นโยบายสังคม, การคุ้มครองทางสังคม, รายได้พื้นฐาน, แนวทางวิเคราะห์ที่เน้นสิทธิมนุษยชน, องค์การแรงงานระหว่างประเทศ, เสรีนิยมใหม่บทคัดย่อ
บทความนี้อธิบายเกี่ยวกับแนวคิดรายได้พื้นฐาน การนำนโยบายไปปฏิบัติของบางประเทศ และข้อถกเถียงที่เกิดขึ้นมาท่ามกลางกระแสเสรีนิยมใหม่ จึงทำความเข้าใจระบบการคุ้มครองทางสังคมตามแนวทางบนพื้นฐานสิทธิ เพื่อให้เห็นว่ารายได้พื้นฐานถ้วนหน้าเป็นนโยบายเศรษฐกิจและสังคมที่เหมาะสมกับพลเมืองทุกคนและจัดเป็นส่วนหนึ่งในฐานการคุ้มครองทางสังคมตามข้อเสนอขององค์การแรงงานระหว่างประเทศ อันที่จริงการจัดสรรสิทธิประโยชน์ ไม่ควรกำหนดเงื่อนไขให้ประชากรที่เป็นกลุ่มเป้าหมาย โดยสรุปรายได้พื้นฐานมีความจำเป็นต้องได้รับการพัฒนาควบคู่กับการพัฒนาสังคม การสังคมสงเคราะห์ และนโยบายสวัสดิการสังคม รวมถึงการบริหารแรงงาน โดยออกแบบและจัดเตรียมตาข่ายความปลอดภัยทางสังคมเพื่อรับมือกับความเสี่ยง ความไม่มั่นคง และภยันตรายรูปแบบต่าง ๆ ที่เกิดขึ้นในยุคของเสรีนิยมใหม่
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