Crime Transformation in the 21st Century: The Problems of Hybrid Crimes in Thai Society

Authors

  • Diregrit Busayatanakorn Faculty of Political Sciences, Chulalongkorn University
  • Sumonthip Chitsawang Faculty of Political Science, Chulalongkorn University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61462/cujss.v52i1.672

Keywords:

hybrid crimes, traditional crimes, new crimes, other crimes in the future, Thai society

Abstract

This article examines the problem of hybrid crimes that is a critical one in Thai society. A review of the literature reveals that in the 21st century they have been modified from a single form into "Hybrid crimes", a blend of various forms of crimes, namely traditional crimes, new crimes, other crimes and crimes that might appear in the future. The composite is complexly linked from social change factors, namely, technological, macro- and micro-social environmental, physical/biological and psychological.  This being so, the methods and patterns of committing crimes cannot be easily understood. In addition, hybrid crimes differ depending on the criminals planning to achieve the goals of the crime. The main patterns are offenders or criminals are more likely to be networks or organizations that operate across states/without borders, use technology and various methods which are far-reaching, unlimited in time and space, amenable to imitation, easy access to their targets/victims, non-face to face, very cost-effective and related to daily life. It is difficult to track down offenders and bring them to conviction, requiring thereby a long pool of personnel and budget to be used in their suppression, prevention and correction.

Downloads

References

Barkan, Steven E., and George J. Bryjak. 2004. Fundamentals of Criminal Justice. Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon.

Borgmann, Albert. 1984. Technology and the Character of Contemporary Life: A Philosophical Inquiry. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.

Caldwell, Robert Graham. 1965. Criminology. 2nd ed. New York, NY: The Ronald Press.

Chaiwat Thirapan. 2016. “Thruesadi Rai Rabiap Kap Sun Wu.” [Chaos Theory and Sun Wu]. Accessed May 29, 2020. https://mgronline.com/daily/detail/9490000029733. (in Thai)

Chatchada Kumlungpat. 2020. “Phonlamueang Lok (Cosmopolitanism) Lae Panha Khong Latthi Chang Chat (Anti-patriotism) Baep Thai Thai.” [Cosmopolitanism and Problems of Thai Style Anti-Patriotism]. Accessed July 27, 2020. https://prachatai.com/journal/2020/01/85770. (in Thai)

Chatchai Srimueangkanchana. 2019. “Atyakam Kham Chat Kap Khwam Mankhong Khong Prathet Thai.” [Transnational Crimes and the Security of Thailand]. Accessed October 16, 2020.

https://www.parliament.go.th/ewtadmin/ewt/parliament_parcy/ewt_dl_link.php?nid=55062&filename=house2554. (in Thai)

Chayanisa Ratsuttikul. 2019. “Prakotkan Phai Khukkham Rupbaep Mai: Kan Kokan Rai Thang Chiwaphap (Bioterrorism).” [The Phenomenon of New Threats: Bioterrorism]. Document Analysis of the Strategic Situation and Security 62(11): 1. (in Thai)

Chettha Puanghat. 2016. “Saphawa Samaimai Lae Khwam Siang: Mummong Thang Sangkhomwitthaya.” [Modernity and Risks: A Sociological Perspective]. Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 12(1): 10-38. (in Thai)

-----. 2008. “Thruesadi Sangkhom Lae Kan Tham Khwam Khaochai Saphawa Samaimai Khong Anthony Giddens.” [Sociological Theory and Understanding Anthony Giddens' Modernity]. Romphruek Journal 26(1): 2-41. (in Thai)

Department of Special Investigation. 2020. “DSI Tang Sun Pongkan Prappram Atyakam Phiset Nai Sathanakan Kan Phrae Chuea Rabat Khong Roktitchuea Virus Corona 2019 (Sun DSI COVID-19).” [DSI Establishes a Special Crime Prevention Center in Coronavirus 2019 Situation (DSI COVID-19 Center)]. Accessed September 20, 2020.

https://www.dsi.go.th/en/Detail/78bab3ab06a211403b73fdcb9984e5b2. (in Thai)

García-Canclini, Néstor. 2001. “Hybridity.” In International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences, edited by Neil J. Smelser and Paul B. Baltes, 7095-7098. Oxford: Pergamon. Accessed January 11, 2020. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B0080430767008901.

Giddens, Anthony. 1993. New Rules of Sociological Method: A Positive Critique of Interpretive Sociologists. 2nd ed. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.

Habermas, Jürgen. 1971. Toward a Rational Society Toward a Rational Society: Student Protest Science and Politics. Translated by Jeremy J. Shapiro. Boston, MA: Beacon Press.

Hoffman, Frank G. 2009. “Hybrid Warfare and Challenges.” Joint Force Quarterly 52(January): 34-39.

Kanchana Kaewthep, Kitti Gunpai, and Parichart Sthapitanon Sarobon. 2000. Mong Sue Mai Mong Sangkhom Mai. [Looking at the New Media, Looking at the New Society]. Bangkok: Edison Press Products. (in Thai)

Kochakorn Vichayapai Bunnag. 2013. “Kan Kamnot Khwam Rapphit Thang Aya Samrap Atyakam Thi Koet Chak Khwam Kliatchang.” [Establishing Criminal Liability for Hate Crimes]. Accessed March 30, 2020. http://cuir.car.chula.ac.th/handle/123456789/43392. (in Thai)

Kusuma Kuyai. 2013. “Naeokhit Phuen Thi Satharana.” [The Concept of Public Space]. Accessed June 2, 2020. http://kusumakooyai.blogspot.com/2013/05/blog-post.html. (in Thai)

Lauck, Tom. 2019. “Hybrid Marketing 101: What Every Marketer Needs to Know.” Accessed January 15, 2020. https://www.hivemindinc.com/insights/hybrid-marketing-101-every-marketer-needs-know.

Matana Wiboonyasake. 2019. “Web Muet Khue Arai Kan Nae?”[ What Exactly is Dark Web?]. Accessed February 17, 2020. https://www.aware.co.th/เว็บมืด. (in Thai)

McCuen, John J. 2008. “Hybrid Wars.” Military Review (March-April): 107-113.

McLaughlin, Eugene, John Muncie, and Gordon Hughes, eds. 2003. Criminological Perspective: Essential Readings. 2nd ed. London: SAGE.

Niwat Soimalee. 2013. “Kansueksa Chut Siang Kan Koet Ubattihet Phainai Phuenthi Tumbon Bot Amphoe Phimai Changwat Nakhon Ratchasima.” [A Study of Hazardous Locations of Traffic Accidents in Bot Sub-District, Phimai District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province]. Master’s thesis, School of Civil Engineering, Institute of Engineering, Suranaree University of Technology. Accessed March 18, 2020. http://trsl.thairoads.org/FileUpLoad/1661/170802001661.pdf. (in Thai)

Pavika Sriratanaban. 2018. “Ban” Sutthai Khong Chiwit: Mum Mong Choeng Sangkhomwitthaya To Kan Boriban Khunnaphap Chiwit Raya Sutthai. [The Last "Home" of Life: A Sociological Perspective on Nurturing Quality of the End of Life]. 3rd ed. Bangkok: Deantula Publishing. (in Thai)

Sadudee Wongkiatkachorn. 2016. “Khwam Mankhong Cyber.” [Cyber Security]. Accessed July 13, 2020. https://www.posttoday.com/aec/column/452210. (in Thai)

Settapong Malisuwan. 2015. “Atyakam Cyber (Cyber Crime) Phai Khukkham Khong Setthakit Rupbaep Mai.” [Cyber Crime: New Threat on the Economy]. Accessed July 5, 2020. https://www.beartai.com/article/beartai-ict/66607. (in Thai)

Sucheep Karnasuta. 2010. “Hybrid Nai Choeng Watthanatham.” [Hybrid in the Cultural Sphere]. Accessed January 16, 2020. http://sucheeppost.blogspot.com/2010/01/hybrid.html. (in Thai)

Sudsa-nguan Suthisorn. 2004. Atya Witthaya. [Criminology]. 2nd ed. Bangkok: Thammasat University Press. (in Thai)

Sumonthip Jitsawang. [2019]. “Ekkasan Khamson Wicha “2403313 Atya Witthaya (Criminology).” [Handout for “2403313 Criminology” Course]. Accessed January 30, 2020. https://drive.google.com/file/d/1V9A2a5uIbJlXnl03qD_vgzMR9pDEW3yh/view. (in Thai)

Sutherland, Edwin Hardin, and Donald R. Cressey. 1974. Criminology. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott.

Thailand. Office of the National Economic and Social Development Council. 2018. “Yutthasat Chat Pho So 2561-2580 .” [National Strategy for B.E. 2018-2037]. Accessed January 22, 2020. https://www.nesdc.go.th/download/document/SAC/NS_SumPlanOct2018.pdf. (in Thai)

Thaweeyot Sriket. 2014. “Phuboriphok Kap Panha Kan Sue Sinkha Phan Khrueakhai Online.” [Consumers and Problems of Online Shopping]. Accessed May 19, 2020. https://www.parliament.go.th/ewtadmin/ewt/elaw_parcy/ewt_dl_link.php?nid=1803. (in Thai)

Unisa Lerttomornsakul, and Annop Chubamrung. 2018. Atyakam Lae Atya Witthaya. [Crime and Criminology]. 2nd ed. Bangkok: Chulalongkorn University Printing House. (in Thai)

Urry, John. 2000. Sociology beyond Societies: Mobilities for the Twenty-First Century. London: Routledge.

Weston, Paul B., and Kenneth M. Wells. 1971. Criminal Evidence for Police. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

Winner, Langdon. 1977. Autonomous Technology: Technics-out-of-Control as a Theme in Political Thought. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.

World Health Organization. 2020. “Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): Questions and Answers.” Accessed June 12, 2020. https://www.who.int/thailand/emergencies/novel-coronavirus-2019/q-a-on-covid-19.

Downloads

Published

06-09-2022

How to Cite

Busayatanakorn, Diregrit, and Sumonthip Chitsawang. 2022. “Crime Transformation in the 21st Century: The Problems of Hybrid Crimes in Thai Society”. Chulalongkorn University Journal of Social Sciences 52 (1). Bangkok, Thailand:119-47. https://doi.org/10.61462/cujss.v52i1.672.

Issue

Vol. 52 No. 1 (2022): January - June

Section

Research Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2022 Faculty of Political Science, Chulalongkorn University

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Public Licensing Terms

Copyright and Licensing Policy

The Chulalongkorn University Journal of Social Science publishes all content under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).

Copyright

All published articles in the Chulalongkorn University Journal of Social Science are the copyright of the Faculty of Political Science, Chulalongkorn University. Authors transfer all rights to the journal upon acceptance of their manuscript for publication.

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 License

Under this license:

  • Attribution (BY): Users must give appropriate credit to the authors, the Faculty of Political Science, Chulalongkorn University, and the Chulalongkorn University Journal of Social Science, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. They may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses them or their use.

  • NonCommercial (NC): Users may not use the material for commercial purposes. Commercial use requires prior written permission from both the authors and the Faculty of Political Science, Chulalongkorn University.

  • NoDerivatives (ND): If users remix, transform, or build upon the material, they may not distribute the modified material. Adaptations of the work require prior written permission from both the authors and the Faculty of Political Science, Chulalongkorn University.

Open Access Statement

The Chulalongkorn University Journal of Social Science provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author, in accordance with the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license.

Self-Archiving Policy

Authors may archive the final published version, preprints, or postprints of their articles in institutional repositories or on their personal websites, provided that they acknowledge the original publication in the Chulalongkorn University Journal of Social Science with a complete citation and a link to the journal's website.

Permissions

For any use beyond those covered by the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license, please contact:

Editorial Office
Chulalongkorn University Journal of Social Science
Faculty of Political Science, Chulalongkorn University
Email: cusocscij@gmail.com

For more information about the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, please visit: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/