ยุทธศาสตร์ความมั่นคงญี่ปุ่นกับความยืดหยุ่นในกรอบเครื่องมือเดิม: การจับคู่ตีความใหม่สมัยหลังสงครามเย็น
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61462/cujss.v47i1.778คำสำคัญ:
นโยบายความมั่นคงญี่ปุ่น, มาตรา9, พันธมิตรญี่ปุ่น-สหรัฐ, บทบาทด้านสันติภาพ, สิทธิการป้องกันร่วมบทคัดย่อ
บทความนี้มุ่งตอบคำถามว่าในยุคหลังสงครามเย็นจนถึงทศวรรษ 2010 ญี่ปุ่นใช้เครื่องมือใดจัดการปัญหาความมั่นคง และปรับเครื่องมือเหล่านั้นอย่างไรให้ยืดหยุ่นสอดรับกับความจำเป็นที่เปลี่ยนไปการศึกษาเปรียบเทียบ 3 ยุคสมัย ได้แก่ ช่วงหลังสงครามโลกครั้งที่ 2 ช่วงที่ญี่ปุ่นกลายเป็นชาติเศรษฐกิจชั้นนำปลายและหลังยุคสงครามเย็นและทศวรรษ 2000 จนถึงปัจจุบัน ชี้ให้เห็นว่าญี่ปุ่นยังใช้กรอบเครื่องมือเดิมจัดการปัญหายุทธศาสตร์ เครื่องมืออันเป็นเสาหลักที่ทำงานสัมพันธ์กันมานี้ซึ่งได้แก่ รัฐธรรมนูญมาตรา 9 ระบบพันธมิตรและบทบาทด้านสันติภาพล้วนปรากฏอยู่ในนโยบายพื้นฐานป้องกันประเทศปี ค.ศ. 1957 แม้นโยบายความมั่นคงของญี่ปุ่นได้เปลี่ยนแปลงต่อเนื่องมากระทั่งรัฐบาลชุดปัจจุบันของนายอาเบะ ชินโซ แต่พลวัตที่เกิดขึ้นสามารถวิเคราะห์ได้ในกรอบเครื่องมือดั้งเดิมทั้งสามที่ยังคงอิทธิพลและทำงานประสานกันแนบแน่นที่สำคัญบทความนี้ยังมุ่งแสดงให้เห็นวิธีที่รัฐบาลประยุกต์ใช้เครื่องมือดังกล่าวในแต่ละยุค ด้วยการจับคู่-ตีความปรับสถานะและบทบาทของเครื่องมือแต่ละชิ้นซึ่งมีคุณสมบัติยืดหยุ่นในตัวมาแต่ต้น ให้ตอบสนองความจำเป็นตามบริบทโลก รวมถึงในยามที่เผชิญภัยคุกคามทางทหารอย่างยุคปัจจุบันด้วย
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